A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
- J. Qin, Ruiqiang Li, Jun Wang
- BiologyNature
- 4 March 2010
The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome
- M. Arumugam, J. Raes, P. Bork
- BiologyNature
- 12 May 2011
Three robust clusters (referred to as enterotypes hereafter) are identified that are not nation or continent specific and confirmed in two published, larger cohorts, indicating that intestinal microbiota variation is generally stratified, not continuous.
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients
- H. Sokol, B. Pigneur, P. Langella
- Medicine, BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- 28 October 2008
The results suggest that counterbalancing dysbiosis using F. prausnitzii as a probiotic is a promising strategy in CD treatment and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on cellular and TNBS colitis models, partly due to secreted metabolites able to block NF-κB activation and IL-8 production.
Reduced diversity of faecal microbiota in Crohn’s disease revealed by a metagenomic approach
- C. Manichanh, L. Rigottier-Gois, J. Doré
- Medicine, BiologyGut
- 27 September 2005
The metagenomic approach allowed us to detect a reduced complexity of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes as a signature of the faecal microbiota in patients with CD, and indicated the presence of new bacterial species.
Direct Analysis of Genes Encoding 16S rRNA from Complex Communities Reveals Many Novel Molecular Species within the Human Gut
The majority of generated rDNA sequences did not correspond to known organisms and clearly derived from hitherto unknown species within this human gut microflora, including Clostridium coccoides and Eubacterium rectale.
An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome
- Junhua Li, Huijue Jia, Jun Wang
- BiologyNature Biotechnology
- 1 August 2014
The integrated gene catalog (IGC) is established comprising 9,879,896 genes, which includes close-to-complete sets of genes for most gut microbes, which are also of considerably higher quality than in previous catalogs.
The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio of the human microbiota changes with age
- D. Mariat, O. Firmesse, J. Furet
- Biology, MedicineBMC Microbiology
- 9 June 2009
It is demonstrated that the fecal microbiota composition evolves throughout life, from early childhood to old age, and that the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes evolves during different life stages.
The Intestinal Microbiota Modulates the Anticancer Immune Effects of Cyclophosphamide
- S. Viaud, F. Saccheri, L. Zitvogel
- BiologyScience
- 22 November 2013
It is demonstrated that cyclophosphamide alters the composition of microbiota in the small intestine and induces the translocation of selected species of Gram-positive bacteria into secondary lymphoid organs, which suggests that the gut microbiota help shape the anticancer immune response.
Low counts of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in colitis microbiota
The fecal microbiota of patients with IBD differs from that of healthy subjects, and the phylum Firmicutes and particularly the species F. prausnitzii, are underrepresented in A‐IBD patients as well as in IC patients, which could be crucial to gut homeostasis.
Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota
- Kristoffer Forslund, F. Hildebrand, O. Pedersen
- Biology, MedicineNature
- 10 December 2015
A unified signature of gut microbiome shifts in T2D with a depletion of butyrate-producing taxa is reported, highlighting the need to disentangle gut microbiota signatures of specific human diseases from those of medication.
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