J. Chastre

Publications271
h-index70
Citations21,093
Highly Influential Citations707
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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
TLDR
Appropriate antimicrobial treatment of patients with VAP significantly improves outcome, more rapid identification of infected patients and accurate selection of antimicrobial agents represent important clinical goals.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by potentially drug-resistant bacteria.
TLDR
Differences in the potential efficacies against microorganisms of 15 antimicrobial regimens were studied to provide a more rational basis for selecting the initial therapy of patients suspected of having VAP.
Comparison of 8 vs 15 days of antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a randomized trial.
TLDR
Although patients with VAP caused by nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, did not have more unfavorable outcomes when antimicrobial therapy lasted only 8 days, they did have a higher pulmonary infection-recurrence rate compared with those receiving 15 days of treatment.
Use of procalcitonin to reduce patients' exposure to antibiotics in intensive care units (PRORATA trial): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
TLDR
A procalcitonin-guided strategy to treat suspected bacterial infections in non-surgical patients in intensive care units could reduce antibiotic exposure and selective pressure with no apparent adverse outcomes.
Linezolid in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia: a randomized, controlled study.
TLDR
Clinical response at EOS in the PP population was significantly higher with linezolid than with vancomycin, although 60-day mortality was similar, and survival and safety were also evaluated.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia.
TLDR
Appropriate antimicrobial treatment of patients with VAP significantly improves outcome, more rapid identification of infected patients and accurate selection of antimicrobial agents represent important clinical goals.
The PRESERVE mortality risk score and analysis of long-term outcomes after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome
TLDR
The PRESERVE score might help ICU physicians select appropriate candidates for ECMO among severe ARDS patients and future studies should also focus on physical and psychosocial rehabilitation that could lead to improved HRQL in this population.
Invasive and Noninvasive Strategies for Management of Suspected Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
TLDR
To test the hypothesis that an invasive management strategy is superior to a clinical, noninvasive one in terms of improving clinical outcomes and minimizing antibiotic use, a multicenter, randomized, uncontrolled trial is initiated to compare these strategies in patients suspected of having ventilator-associated pneumonia.
International ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia
TLDR
The panel selected seven PICO (population–intervention–comparison–outcome) questions that generated a series of recommendations for HAP/VAP diagnosis, treatment and prevention that were adopted by the ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT panel.
Herpes simplex virus lung infection in patients undergoing prolonged mechanical ventilation.
TLDR
HSV bronchopneumonitis is common in nonimmunocompromised patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation, is associated with HSV reactivation or infection of the mouth and/or throat, and seems to be associated with poorer outcome.
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