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Polymorphisms in human CYP2C8 decrease metabolism of the anticancer drug paclitaxel and arachidonic acid.
TLDR
CYP 2C8*3 is defective in the metabolism of two important CYP2C8 substrates: the anticancer drug paclitaxel and the physiologically important compound arachidonic acid.
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The major genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of S-mephenytoin metabolism in humans.
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Identification of a new genetic defect responsible for the polymorphism of (S)-mephenytoin metabolism in Japanese.
TLDR
A new mutation is identified in Japanese poor metabolizers, consisting of a guanine to adenine mutation at position 636 of exon 4 of CYP2C19, which creates a premature stop codon.
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Identification of a null allele of CYP2C9 in an African-American exhibiting toxicity to phenytoin.
TLDR
The present study reports the first example of a null polymorphism in CYP2C9, which dramatically affects the half-life and clinical toxicity of phenytoin, and demonstrates the severe clinical consequences to patients with a null mutation after treatment with normal doses of phenYtoin.
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Identification and functional characterization of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C19.
TLDR
Three new potentially defective alleles of CYP2C19 occur in African-Americans, or individuals of African descent, and are predicted to alter risk of these populations to clinically important drugs.
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Discovery of new potentially defective alleles of human CYP2C9.
TLDR
Thirty-eight single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP2C9 were discovered by resequencing of genomic DNA from 92 individuals from three different racial groups, with a new putative poor metabolizer allele found in Africans.
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Differences in the incidence of the CYP2C19 polymorphism affecting the S-mephenytoin phenotype in Chinese Han and Bai populations and identification of a new rare CYP2C19 mutant allele.
TLDR
Ratios of urinary S/R-mephenytoin in homozygous EMs were lower than those of heterozygously EMs for both Han and Bai subjects, which shows a gene-dosage effect.
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An additional defective allele, CYP2C19*5, contributes to the S-mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in Caucasians.
TLDR
The present study identifies a second variant allele CYP2C19*5B (C99-->T; A991-->G, Ile331-->Val; C1297-T, Arg433-->Trp in one of 37 Caucasian poor metabolizers, consistent with the conclusion that CYP1C2C3*5 represents poor metabolizer alleles.
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Isolation of a new canine cytochrome P450 CDNA from the cytochrome P450 2C subfamily (CYP2C41) and evidence for polymorphic differences in its expression.
Two members of the canine cytochrome P4502C subfamily [CYP2C21 and CYP2C41 (sequence has been submitted to Genbank with accession number AF016248)] were cloned from three beagle liver cDNA libraries.…
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A new genetic defect in human CYP2C19: mutation of the initiation codon is responsible for poor metabolism of S-mephenytoin.
TLDR
A new allele is identified in Caucasian PMs which contains an A-->G mutation in the initiation codon which indicates that CYP2C19*4 represents a new PM allele.
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