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Occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients in whom the etiology of persistently abnormal results of liver-function tests is unknown.

TLDR
Patients with ALF-EU may have intrahepatic HCV RNA in the absence of anti-HCV antibodies and of serum HCVs RNA, and patients with occult HCV infection were more likely to have necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis than were patients without intra hepaticHCV RNA.
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Hepatitis C virus replicates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with occult hepatitis C virus infection

TLDR
HCV replicates in the PBMC of patients with occult HCV infection and thus, although these patients do not have serum HCV-RNA, they could be potentially infectious.
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Occult hepatitis C virus infection among hemodialysis patients.

TLDR
The prevalence of occultHCV infection is high among hemodialysis patients with persistently abnormal values of liver enzymes of unknown cause, and the clinical significance of occult HCV infection in these patients requires further study.
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Hepatitis C virus replicates in the liver of patients who have a sustained response to antiviral treatment.

TLDR
HCV persisted and replicated in the livers and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of most sustained responders, and these patients did not experience HCV infection clearance, despite apparent clinical disease resolution.
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Genetic Diversity and Tissue Compartmentalization of the Hepatitis C Virus Genome in Blood Mononuclear Cells, Liver, and Serum from Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

TLDR
The spectrum of viral genomes differed among the three types of tissue, as shown by segregation of sequences according to their tissue of origin in phylogenetic analysis and by statistical analysis of mean genetic distances observed between sequences obtained from different tissues.
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New perspectives in occult hepatitis C virus infection.

TLDR
The persistence of very low levels of HCV RNA in serum and in PBMCs, along with the maintenance of specific T-cell responses against HCV-antigens observed during a long-term follow-up of patients with occult hepatitis C, indicate that occult HCV is a persistent infection that is not spontaneously eradicated.
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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Can Coinfect the Same Hepatocyte in the Liver of Patients with Chronic HCV and Occult HBV Infection

TLDR
Digital image analysis of hybridization signals showed that the HBV DNA levels in coinfected hepatocytes were lower than those in cells infected only with HBV, which supports the hypothesis of inhibition of HBV replication by HCV.
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Long-term follow-up of hepatitis B chronic carriers who responded to interferon therapy.

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High prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus infection in patients with primary and secondary glomerular nephropathies.

TLDR
Progression to end-stage renal disease tended to be faster in patients with immune-mediated glomerulonephritis and occult HCV than in the negative cases, suggesting occultHCV may have a role in the progression of the disease.
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Occult hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections

TLDR
Occult HBV infection in patients with chronic HCV infection may induce more severe liver disease and lower response rate to interferon treatment and the clinical relevance of occult HCV infections is still under investigation.
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