It is shown that pluripotent stem cells can be generated from mouse somatic cells at a frequency up to 0.2% using a combination of seven small-molecule compounds, which resemble embryonic stem cells in terms of their gene expression profiles, epigenetic status, and potential for differentiation and germline transmission.Expand
A novel three‐stage method to efficiently direct the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into hepatic cells in serum‐free medium is reported, which should facilitate searching the molecular mechanisms underlying human liver development, and form the basis for hepatocyte transplantation and drug tests.Expand
This work provides a new model to study the mechanism of human pancreatic specialization and maturation in vitro, but also enhances the possibility of utilizing patient-specific iPS cells for the treatment of diabetes.Expand
An evaluation of CoV in rhinolophid and vespertilionid bat species common in Europe found that proteins 3b and 6 were highly divergent from those proteins in all known SARS-related CoV, highlighting the importance of assessments of the zoonotic potential of widely distributed bat-borne CoV.Expand
The corrected section reads “Indeed, after serial passages, the growth of putative riPSCs treated with only PD0325901 and CHIR99021 declined, and the culture deteriorated due to the expansion of differentiated cells, although recent studies demonstrated that this combination of inhibitors can be used to maintain mESC self-renewal in the absence of LIF.Expand
This study suggests a "seesaw model" in which a balance that is established using pluripotency factors and/or counteracting lineage specifiers can facilitate reprogramming.Expand
The findings reveal the unique and crucial role of MEK/ERK signaling in the determination of hESC cell fate and expand the understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the FGF pathway maintenance of h ESC pluripotency.Expand
A newly developed and effective method is reported, carried out in a serum-free system, which induced human ES cells to differentiate into insulin-producing cells, which provides a promising in vitro differentiation model for studying the mechanisms of human pancreas development and illustrates the potential of using humanES cells for the treatment of type I diabetes mellitus.Expand
Several small molecules were identified that can be used for developing new classes of anti-SARS-CoV drugs and is potentially useful for the high-throughput screening of drugs inhibiting the entry of HIV, hepatitis C virus, and other insidious viruses into their host cells.Expand