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The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
TLDR
These updated guidelines replace the previous treatment guidelines published in 2000 and list the doses and durations of antimicrobial therapy recommended for treatment and prevention of Lyme disease and provide a partial list of therapies to be avoided.
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Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis
TLDR
PCR should not be used as the sole laboratory modality to support a clinical diagnosis of extracutaneous LB, and PCR positivity in seronegative patients suspected of having late manifestations of LB most likely represents a false-positive result.
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Four Clones of Borrelia burgdorferiSensu Stricto Cause Invasive Infection in Humans
TLDR
The finding that all systemic B. burgdorferi sensu stricto infections are associated with four ospC groups has importance in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease.
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MLST of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a European origin of Borrelia burgdorferi
TLDR
The study demonstrates that the concatenated sequences of the housekeeping genes of B. burgdorferi provide highly resolved phylogenetic signals and that the housekeeper genes evolve differently compared with the IGS locus and ospC.
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Human Borrelia miyamotoi infection in the United States.
A tickborne pathogen, Borrelia miyamotoi, has recently been shown to cause disease in humans. A serologic survey showed that infection with this organism is not uncommon in the Northeast.
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Borrelia lonestari infection after a bite by an Amblyomma americanum tick.
TLDR
DNA amplification of the flagellin gene flaB produced B. lonestari sequences from the skin of the patient that were identical to those found in the attached tick, which is a probable cause of erythema migrans in humans.
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A critical appraisal of "chronic Lyme disease".
TLDR
The scientific evidence for chronic borrelia infection is examined and the approach to clinical evaluation and management in patients with a diagnosis of chronic Lyme disease is explained.
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Borrelia burgdorferi genotype predicts the capacity for hematogenous dissemination during early Lyme disease.
TLDR
This study identified the B. burgdorferi genotypes that pose the greatest risk of causing hematogenous dissemination in humans and should be considered in the future development of diagnostic assays and vaccine preparations.
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Practice guidelines for the treatment of Lyme disease. The Infectious Diseases Society of America.
TLDR
This paper presents a meta-modelling study of the immune system’s response to Lyme Disease, which highlights the need to understand more fully the immune response to tick-borne infections.
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Epidemiology and mortality risk of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bloodstream infections.
TLDR
Data suggest that increasing severity of illness, underlying disease, and receipt of vancomycin are major risk factors for VRE-BSI.
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