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The Metastasis Suppressor Gene KiSS-1 Encodes Kisspeptins, the Natural Ligands of the Orphan G Protein-coupled Receptor GPR54*
TLDR
Stimulation of oxytocin secretion after kisspeptin administration to rats confirmed this hypothesis that human GPR54 was highly expressed in placenta, pituitary, pancreas, and spinal cord, suggesting a role in the regulation of endocrine function.
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Resistance to HIV-1 infection in Caucasian individuals bearing mutant alleles of the CCR-5 chemokine receptor gene
TLDR
It is shown that a mutant allele of CCR-5 is present at a high frequency in caucasian populations, but is absent in black populations from Western and Central Africa and Japanese populations, and a 32-base-pair deletion within the coding region results in a frame shift, and generates a non-functional receptor that does not support membrane fusion or infection by macrophage- and dual-tropic HIV-1 strains.
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Functional Characterization of Human Receptors for Short Chain Fatty Acids and Their Role in Polymorphonuclear Cell Activation*
TLDR
The pharmacology of GPR43 matches indeed the effects of SCFAs on neutrophils, in terms of intracellular Ca2+ release and chemotaxis, and might constitute a target allowing us to modulate immune responses in these pathological situations.
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Isolation and structure of the endogenous agonist of opioid receptor-like ORL1 receptor
TLDR
Data indicate that the newly discovered heptadecapeptide is an endogenous agonist of the ORL1 receptor and that it may be endowed with pro-nociceptive properties.
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Specific Recruitment of Antigen-presenting Cells by Chemerin, a Novel Processed Ligand from Human Inflammatory Fluids
TLDR
Chemerin appears as a potent chemoattractant protein of a novel class, which requires proteolytic activation and is specific for APCs, and was shown to promote calcium mobilization and chemotaxis of immature DCs and macrophages in a ChemR23-dependent manner.
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Unresponsiveness to cannabinoids and reduced addictive effects of opiates in CB1 receptor knockout mice.
TLDR
Observations suggest that the CB1 receptor is involved in the motivational properties of opiates and in the development of physical dependence and extend the concept of an interconnected role of CB1 and opiate receptors in the brain areas mediating addictive behavior.
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Molecular cloning and functional expression of a new human CC-chemokine receptor gene.
TLDR
The cloning of a human gene, named ChemR13, encoding a new CC-chemokine receptor, thought to be the fifth functionally identified receptor in his class is described and tentatively designated CC-CKR5.
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ORL1, a novel member of the opioid receptor family
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Aggressiveness, hypoalgesia and high blood pressure in mice lacking the adenosine A2a receptor
TLDR
It was found that A2aR-knockout mice were viable and bred normally, and male mice were much more aggressive towards intruders, whereas caffeine, which normally stimulates exploratory behaviour, became a depressant of exploratory activity.
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Cloning of Two Human Thyroid cDNAs Encoding New Members of the NADPH Oxidase Family*
TLDR
Two cDNAs encoding NADPH oxidases and constituting the thyroid H2O2 generating system have been cloned and the dog mRNA expression is thyroid-specific and up-regulated by agents activating the cAMP pathway as is the synthesis of the polypeptides they are coding for.
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