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Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial.
TLDR
The use of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) increases the risk of stroke, decreases therisk of hip fracture, and does not affect CHD incidence in postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy over an average of 6.8 years, indicating no overall benefit.
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Genome-wide association study of blood pressure and hypertension
TLDR
A genome-wide association study of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and hypertension in the CHARGE Consortium identifies 13 SNPs for SBP, 20 for DBP and 10 for hypertension at P < 4 × 10−7.
View on Nature
Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease.
TLDR
It is suggested that periodontal disease, once established, provides a biological burden of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) and inflammatory cytokines (especially TxA2, IL-1β, PGE2, and TNF-α) which serve to initiate and exacerbate atherogenesis' and thromboembolic events.
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Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures.
TLDR
Among healthy postmenopausal women, calcium with vitamin D supplementation resulted in a small but significant improvement in hip bone density, did not significantly reduce hip fracture, and increased the risk of kidney stones.
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Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987-1993.
Few studies have determined whether greater carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in asymptomatic individuals is associated prospectively with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). In…
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Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of colorectal cancer.
TLDR
Daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D for seven years had no effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women, and the long latency associated with the development of colorescopy cancer, along with the seven-year duration of the trial, may have contributed to this null finding.
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The metabolic syndrome and 11-year risk of incident cardiovascular disease in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.
TLDR
Individuals without diabetes or CVD, but with the metabolic syndrome, were at increased risk for long-term cardiovascular outcomes, although statistical models suggested that most of that risk was accounted for by the FRS.
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Coronary Heart Disease Prediction From Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels, Triglycerides, Lipoprotein(a), Apolipoproteins A-I and B, and HDL Density Subfractions: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities…
TLDR
Optimal LDL-C values are <100 mg/dL in both women and men, and LDL- C, HDL-C, TG, and Lp(a), without additional apolipoproteins or lipid subfractions, provide substantial CHD prediction, with much higher RR in women than men.
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Markers of inflammation and prediction of diabetes mellitus in adults (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study): a cohort study
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Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative: a randomized trial.
TLDR
Excess risk for all strokes attributed to estrogen plus progestin appeared to be present in all subgroups of women examined, and excess risk of all stroke was apparent in all age groups, in all categories of baseline stroke risk, and in women with and without hypertension, prior history of cardiovascular disease, use of hormones, statins, or aspirin.
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