G. Cramer

Publications66
h-index18
Citations934
Highly Influential Citations45
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Basic and Clinical Anatomy of the Spine, Spinal Cord, and ANS
Part I: Characteristics of the Spine and Spinal Cord 1. Surface Anatomy of the Back and Vertebral Levels of Clinically Important Structures 2. General Characteristics of the Spine 3. General Anatomy… Expand
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Investigation of connective tissue attachments to the cervical spinal dura mater
The connective tissue attachments to the cervical spinal dura mater originating from the ligamentum nuchae (LN) and rectus capitis posterior minor (RCPM) muscle were evaluated in 30 cadaveric spines.… Expand
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A comparison of outcome measures for use with back pain patients: results of a feasibility study.
OBJECTIVE To compare the reliability, validity and change in patient clinical status over time with treatment for six potential outcome questionnaires in a defined population of patients. SETTING… Expand
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Distribution of cavitations as identified with accelerometry during lumbar spinal manipulation.
OBJECTIVE This project determined the location and distribution of cavitations (producing vibrations and audible sounds) in the lumbar zygapophyseal (Z) joints that were targeted by spinal… Expand
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Magnetic resonance imaging zygapophyseal joint space changes (gapping) in low back pain patients following spinal manipulation and side-posture positioning: a randomized controlled mechanisms trial…
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to quantify lumbar zygapophyseal (Z) joint space separation (gapping) in low back pain (LBP) subjects after spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) or side-posture… Expand
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Patient perceptions of chiropractic treatment for primary care disorders.
OBJECTIVE Although some surveyed groups of chiropractors consider themselves qualified as primary care providers, consumer attitudes of such may affect practice success. The purpose of this study is… Expand
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The Effects of Side-Posture Positioning and Spinal Adjusting on the Lumbar Z Joints: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Sixty-Four Subjects
Study Design. A blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Objective. To test the hypothesis that chiropractic side-posture manipulation (adjusting) of the lumbar spine separates (gaps) the… Expand
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Basic science research related to chiropractic spinal adjusting: the state of the art and recommendations revisited.
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this white paper are to review and summarize the basic science literature relevant to spinal fixation (subluxation) and spinal adjusting procedures and to make specific… Expand
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Zygapophyseal joint adhesions after induced hypomobility.
OBJECTIVE Adhesions (ADH) have been previously identified in many hypomobile joints, but not in the zygapophyseal (Z) joints of the spine. The objective of this study was to determine if connective… Expand
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Degenerative changes following spinal fixation in a small animal model.
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate changes of the lumbar vertebral column following fixation. DESIGN Using an established small animal (rat) model of spinal fixation… Expand
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