Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial
- J. Rossouw, G. Anderson, J. Ockene
- MedicineJAMA
- 17 July 2002
Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.
Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial.
- G. Anderson, M. Limacher, S. Wassertheil-Smoller
- MedicineJAMA
- 14 April 2004
The use of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) increases the risk of stroke, decreases therisk of hip fracture, and does not affect CHD incidence in postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy over an average of 6.8 years, indicating no overall benefit.
Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of cardiovascular events in women.
- K. A. Miller, D. Siscovick, J. Kaufman
- MedicineNew England Journal of Medicine
- 1 February 2007
Long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease and death among postmenopausal women and the between-city effect appeared to be smaller than the within- city effect.
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures.
- R. Jackson, A. LaCroix, D. Barad
- MedicineNew England Journal of Medicine
- 16 February 2006
Among healthy postmenopausal women, calcium with vitamin D supplementation resulted in a small but significant improvement in hip bone density, did not significantly reduce hip fracture, and increased the risk of kidney stones.
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of colorectal cancer.
- J. Wactawski‐Wende, J. Kotchen, J. Manson
- MedicineNew England Journal of Medicine
- 16 February 2006
Daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D for seven years had no effect on the incidence of colorectal cancer among postmenopausal women, and the long latency associated with the development of colorescopy cancer, along with the seven-year duration of the trial, may have contributed to this null finding.
Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials.
- J. Manson, R. Chlebowski, R. Wallace
- MedicineJAMA
- 2 October 2013
Most risks and benefits dissipated postintervention, although some elevation in breast cancer risk persisted during cumulative follow-up and the 2 WHI hormone therapy trials do not support use of this therapy.
The Women's Health Initiative recruitment methods and results.
- J. Hays, J. Hunt, J. Rossouw
- Medicine, Political ScienceAnnals of Epidemiology
- 1 October 2003
A cautionary note on inference for marginal regression models with longitudinal data and general correlated response data
- M. Pepe, G. Anderson
- Psychology, Mathematics
- 1994
Inference for cross-sectional models using longitudinal data, can be accomplished with generalized estimating equations (Zeger and Liang, 1992). We show that either a diagonal working covariance…
Low-fat dietary pattern and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Dietary Modification Trial.
- B. Howard, L. V. Van Horn, J. Kotchen
- MedicineJAMA
- 8 February 2006
A dietary intervention that reduced total fat intake and increased intakes of vegetables, fruits, and grains did not significantly reduce the risk of CHD, stroke, or CVD in postmenopausal women and achieved only modest effects on CVD risk factors, suggesting that more focused diet and lifestyle interventions may be needed to improve risk factors and reduce CVDrisk.
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