E. Rayfield

Publications136
h-index37
Citations3,937
Highly Influential Citations257
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Patterns of morphospace occupation and mechanical performance in extant crocodilian skulls: A combined geometric morphometric and finite element modeling approach
Extant and fossil crocodilians have long been divided into taxonomic and/or ecological groups based on broad patterns of skull shape, particularly the relative length and width of the snout. However,… Expand
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Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur
Finite element analysis (FEA) is used by industrial designers and biomechanicists to estimate the performance of engineered structures or human skeletal and soft tissues subjected to varying regimes… Expand
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Finite Element Analysis and Understanding the Biomechanics and Evolution of Living and Fossil Organisms
AbstractFinite element analysis (FEA) is a technique that reconstructs stress, strain, and deformation in a digital structure. Although commonplace in engineering and orthopedic science for more than… Expand
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Adaptive plasticity in the mouse mandible
BackgroundPlasticity, i.e. non-heritable morphological variation, enables organisms to modify the shape of their skeletal tissues in response to varying environmental stimuli. Plastic variation may… Expand
  • 73
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Functional Evolution of the Feeding System in Rodents
The masticatory musculature of rodents has evolved to enable both gnawing at the incisors and chewing at the molars. In particular, the masseter muscle is highly specialised, having extended… Expand
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Finite element modelling of squirrel, guinea pig and rat skulls: using geometric morphometrics to assess sensitivity
Rodents are defined by a uniquely specialized dentition and a highly complex arrangement of jaw‐closing muscles. Finite element analysis (FEA) is an ideal technique to investigate the biomechanical… Expand
  • 63
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The shapes of bird beaks are highly controlled by nondietary factors
Significance We show that beak and skull shapes in birds of prey (“raptors”) are strongly coupled and largely controlled by size. This relationship means that, rather than being able to respond… Expand
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Initial radiation of jaws demonstrated stability despite faunal and environmental change
More than 99 per cent of the roughly 58,000 living vertebrate species have jaws. This major clade, whose members are collectively known as gnathostomes (‘jawed mouths’), made its earliest definitive… Expand
  • 96
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Inter-Vertebral Flexibility of the Ostrich Neck: Implications for Estimating Sauropod Neck Flexibility
The flexibility and posture of the neck in sauropod dinosaurs has long been contentious. Improved constraints on sauropod neck function will have major implications for what we know of their foraging… Expand
  • 37
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Cranial mechanics and feeding in Tyrannosaurus rex
  • E. Rayfield
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Proceedings of the Royal Society of London…
  • 22 July 2004
It has been suggested that the large theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex was capable of producing extremely powerful bite forces and resisting multi–directional loading generated during feeding.… Expand
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