A sensory neuron-expressed IL-31 receptor mediates T helper cell-dependent itch: Involvement of TRPV1 and TRPA1.
- F. Cevikbas, Xidao Wang, M. Steinhoff
- Biology, MedicineJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- 1 February 2014
Sequential Processing of Lexical, Grammatical, and Phonological Information Within Broca's Area
Together, these results implicate the extracellular generation of protons, rather than intracellular acidification, as the primary signal that mediates the taste of CO2, and demonstrate that sour cells not only provide the membrane anchor for Car4 but also serve as the cellular sensors for carbonation.
Clinical classification of itch: a position paper of the International Forum for the Study of Itch.
- S. Ständer, E. Weisshaar, J. Bernhard
- MedicineActa Dermato-Venereologica
- 2007
This is the first version of a clinical classification worked out by the members of the International Forum for the Study of Itch intended to serve as a diagnostic route for better evaluation of patients with chronic pruritus and aims to improve patients' care.
Activation of neurons in rat trigeminal subnucleus caudalis by different irritant chemicals applied to oral or ocular mucosa.
- E. Carstens, N. Kuenzler, H. Handwerker
- BiologyJournal of Neurophysiology
- 1 August 1998
Single-unit responses to application of a variety of irritant chemicals to the tongue or ocular mucosa in thiopental-anesthetized rats recorded increased in a dose-related manner for all chemicals, and successive responses decreased significantly for histamine, nicotine, ethanol, acid, and capsaicin.
Facial injections of pruritogens or algogens elicit distinct behavior responses in rats and excite overlapping populations of primary sensory and trigeminal subnucleus caudalis neurons.
- A. Klein, M. Carstens, E. Carstens
- BiologyJournal of Neurophysiology
- 1 September 2011
The results suggest that primary and second-order neurons responsive to pruritogens and algogens may utilize a population coding mechanism to distinguish between itch and pain, sensations that are behaviorally manifested by distinct hindlimb scratching and forelimb wiping responses.
Recognizing pain and distress in laboratory animals.
- E. Carstens, G. Moberg
- PsychologyILAR journal
- 2000
Pain and stress are not inherently bad for an animal, unless these biologic strategies fail to protect the animal from stress or the biologic cost of coping takes too great a toll on the animal.
Psychophysical and neurobiological evidence that the oral sensation elicited by carbonated water is of chemogenic origin.
- J. Dessirier, C. Simons, M. Carstens, M. O'Mahony, E. Carstens
- BiologyChemical Sensors
- 1 June 2000
The hypothesis that carbonated water activates lingual nociceptors in the oral cavity via conversion of CO(2) to carbonic acid to excite trigeminal neurons involved in signaling oral irritation is supported.
Spatial summation in human thermal pain perception: comparison within and between dermatomes
- D. Douglass, E. Carstens, L. Watkins
- PsychologyPain
- 1 August 1992
Neural processing of itch
- T. Akiyama, E. Carstens
- Medicine, BiologyNeuroscience
- 10 October 2013
Involvement of TRPV4 in serotonin-evoked scratching
- T. Akiyama, M. Ivanov, E. Carstens
- BiologyJournal of Investigative Dermatology
- 4 October 2015
Results indicate that serotonin-induced itch is linked to TRPV4, a temperature-sensitive cation channel that plays an important role in acute itch in mice.
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