Our ability to accurately describe large-scale variations in soil moisture is severely restricted by process uncertainty and the limited availability of appropriate soil moisture data. Remotely… (More)
Operational data assimilation problems tend to be very large, both in terms of the number of unknowns to be estimated and the number of measurements to be processed. This poses significant… (More)
The ensemble Kalman filter provides an easy-to-use, flexible, and efficient option for data assimilation problems. One of its attractive features in land surface applications is its ability to… (More)
Bayesian inference provides a probabilistic framework for combining prior knowledge with mathematical models and observational data. Characterizing a Bayesian posterior probability distribution can… (More)
Do poor elders really leave poverty? We explore the prevalence and nature of exits from poverty among poor elders, with special attention to rural-urban differences in this regard. Analyzing twenty… (More)
Lower mortality for older rural Americans, compared to urban residents, runs counter to rural-urban disparities in health care services and residents' socioeconomic resources. This paradox calls into… (More)
Elderly persons in nonmetropolitan areas are more likely to be poor than their metropolitan counterparts, and the gap between them increases with age. This study provides a comprehensive empirical… (More)
Temporally and spatially variable rainfall replicates are frequently required in hydrologic applications of ensemble forecasting and data assimilation. Ensemble methods can be expected to work better… (More)
[1] It is difficult to estimate groundwater recharge in semiarid environments, where precipitation and evapotranspiration nearly balance. In such environments, groundwater supplies are sensitive to… (More)
This paper uses a multiscale statistical framework to estimate groundwater travel times and to derive conditional travel time probability densities. In the applications of interest here travel time… (More)