Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a primary immune deficiency characterized by abnormal and devastating susceptibility to a narrow spectrum of infections, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus… (More)
OBJECTIVE
In the sanroque mouse model of lupus, pathologic germinal centers (GCs) arise due to increased numbers of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, resulting in high-affinity anti-double-stranded… (More)
Engagement of cytokine receptors by specific ligands activate Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways. The exact roles of STATs in human lymphocyte… (More)
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are critical for providing the necessary signals to induce differentiation of B cells into memory and Ab-secreting cells. Accordingly, it is important to identify the… (More)
Maturation and selection of high-affinity B cell clones in the germinal center (GC) relies on support from T follicular helper (T(FH)) cells. T(FH) cells are characterized by their localization to… (More)
The transitional stage of B-cell development represents an important step where autoreactive cells are deleted, allowing the generation of a mature functional B-cell repertoire. In mice, 3 subsets of… (More)
BACKGROUND
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells underpin T cell-dependent humoral immunity and the success of most vaccines. TFH cells also contribute to human immune disorders, such as autoimmunity,… (More)
In transgenic mice, self-reactive B lymphocytes are eliminated if they encounter membrane-bound self antigens during their development within the bone marrow. We show here that two separate and… (More)
Self-reactive B cells from tolerant double-transgenic (Dbl-Tg) mice coexpressing hen egg lysozyme (HEL) and rearranged anti-HEL immunoglobulin genes have a relatively short life span when compared to… (More)
The life span of anergic self-reactive B cells was determined by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) loading of tolerant double-transgenic (Dbl-Tg) mice produced by mating hen egg lysozyme… (More)