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Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases, the Genetic Code, and the Evolutionary Process
TLDR
These findings are used to refine the theory that at the evolutionary stage represented by the root of the universal phylogenetic tree, cells were far more primitive than their modern counterparts and thus exchanged genetic material in far less restricted ways, in effect evolving in a communal sense.
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The genome of Nanoarchaeum equitans: Insights into early archaeal evolution and derived parasitism
TLDR
The hyperthermophile Nanoarchaeum equitans is an obligate symbiont growing in coculture with the crenarchaeon Ignicoccus, and represents a basal archaeal lineage and has a highly reduced genome.
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A mutation in protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit A affects auxin transport in Arabidopsis.
TLDR
Data implicate protein phosphatase 2A in the regulation of auxin transport in Arabidopsis and rescues the rcn1 mutant phenotype and complements the temperature‐sensitive phenotype of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PP2A‐A mutation, tpd3–1.
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Codon Bias as a Means to Fine-Tune Gene Expression.
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UGA is an additional glycine codon in uncultured SR1 bacteria from the human microbiota
TLDR
Comparative genomic analysis with Human Microbiome Project data revealed that the human body harbors a striking diversity of SR1 bacteria, which is a surprising finding because SR1 is most closely related to bacteria that live in anoxic and thermal environments.
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Trans-editing of mischarged tRNAs
TLDR
The discovery of autonomous editing proteins efficient in hydrolyzing misacylated products provides a direct link between ancestral aaRSs consisting solely of the catalytic core and extant enzymes to which functionally independent modules are appended.
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Aminoacyl-tRNAs: setting the limits of the genetic code.
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Circumnutation and gravitropism cause root waving in Arabidopsis thaliana
TLDR
This work argues that Arabidopsis thaliana root waving represents primarily a flattened spiral growth pattern resulting from circumnutation and gravitropism.
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Structure of E. coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with tRNA(Gln) and ATP at 2.8 A resolution.
The crystal structure of Escherichia coli glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) complexed with its cognate glutaminyl transfer RNA (tRNA(Gln] and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) has been derived from a 2.8…
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Expanding the Genetic Code of Escherichia coli with Phosphoserine
TLDR
An engineered system for specific cotranslational Sep incorporation into any desired position in a protein by an Escherichia coli strain that harbors a Sep-accepting transfer RNA (tRNASep), its cognate Sep–tRNA synthetase (SepRS), and an engineered EF-Tu (EF-Sep).
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