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Diversity of PspA: Mosaic Genes and Evidence for Past Recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae
TLDR
The extensive recombination which generated the mosaic pattern seen in the pspA locus suggests that natural selection has operated in the history of this gene locus and underscores the likelihood that PspA may be important in the interaction between the pneumococcus and its human host.
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Antiphosphocholine antibodies found in normal mouse serum are protective against intravenous infection with type 3 streptococcus pneumoniae
The antiphosphocholine (PC) antibody in normal mouse sera (NMS) provides protection against intravenous infection with encapsulated strain WU2 of type 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mice unable to make…
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The pspC Gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae Encodes a Polymorphic Protein, PspC, Which Elicits Cross-Reactive Antibodies to PspA and Provides Immunity to Pneumococcal Bacteremia
TLDR
Sequence comparisons of five published and seven new alleles reveal that this gene has a mosaic structure, and modular domains have contributed to gene diversity during evolution.
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Reduced virulence of a defined pneumolysin-negative mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae
TLDR
Pneumolysin production was reinstated in one of the mutants by transformation with the cloned pneumolysin gene, with the concomitant loss of erythromycin resistance; the virulence in mice of this isolate was indistinguishable from that of S. pneumoniae D39, a virulent type 2 strain.
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Basophils enhance immunological memory responses
TLDR
It is shown that basophils bound large amounts of intact antigens on their surface and were the main source of interleukins 6 and 4 in the spleen and bone marrow after restimulation with a soluble antigen and are important contributors to humoral memory immune responses.
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Mn2+-Dependent Regulation of Multiple Genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae through PsaR and the Resultant Impact on Virulence
TLDR
The first demonstration of Mn2+ acting as a signal for the expression of virulence factors within different host sites is demonstrated, confirming that both PcpA- mediated gene regulation and PsaR-mediated gene regulation are required for full virulence in the establishment of pneumonia.
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Subclass restriction of murine anti-carbohydrate antibodies.
Examination of the subclass distribution of murine antibodies directed against groups A and C streptococcal carbohydrate, alpha-(1 leads to 3) dextran and phosphocholine yields the surprising…
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Intranasal Immunization of Mice with a Mixture of the Pneumococcal Proteins PsaA and PspA Is Highly Protective against Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae
TLDR
Results indicate that PspA and PsaA may be useful for the elicitation of herd immunity in humans and their inclusion in a mucosal vaccine may enable such a vaccine to prevent invasive disease as well as carriage.
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Role of Pneumococcal Surface Protein C in Nasopharyngeal Carriage and Pneumonia and Its Ability To Elicit Protection against Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae
TLDR
It is demonstrated that pspC is actively transcribed in vivo, when the bacteria are growing in the nasal cavity and in the lungs, which strongly indicates that pneumococci are actively metabolizing and growing while in the nasopharynx.
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Structural properties and evolutionary relationships of PspA, a surface protein of Streptococcus pneumoniae, as revealed by sequence analysis
TLDR
Analysis of the sequence for the gene encoding PspA (pneumococcal surface protein A) of Streptococcus pneumoniae revealed the presence of four distinct domains in the mature protein, suggesting that PSPA is attached to the cell by a mechanism unique among known surface proteins of gram-positive bacteria.
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