Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures
- D. Black, S. Cummings, K. Ensrud
- MedicineThe Lancet
- 7 December 1996
Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
- D. Black, P. Delmas, S. Cummings
- MedicineNew England Journal of Medicine
- 3 May 2007
A once-yearly infusion of zoledronic acid during a 3-year period significantly reduced the risk of vertebral, hip, and other fractures and was associated with a significant improvement in bone mineral density and bone metabolism markers.
Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group.
- S. Cummings, M. Nevitt, T. Vogt
- MedicineNew England Journal of Medicine
- 23 March 1995
Women with multiple risk factors and low bone density have an especially high risk of hip fracture and maintaining body weight, walking for exercise, avoiding long-acting benzodiazepines, minimizing caffeine intake, and treating impaired visual function are among the steps that may decrease the risk.
Effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with low bone density but without vertebral fractures: results from the Fracture Intervention Trial.
- S. Cummings, D. Black, A. LaCroix
- MedicineJAMA
- 23 December 1998
In women with low BMD but without vertebral fractures, 4 years of alendronate safely increased BMD and decreased the risk of first vertebral deformity.
Reduction of Vertebral Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis Treated With Raloxifene: Results From a 3-year Randomized Clinical Trial
- B. Ettinger, D. Black, P. Lips
- Medicine
- 2000
It is indicated that raloxifene treatment over 3 years not only preserves bone mass but also lowers the risk of new vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, regardless of whether they have had fractures before starting treatment.
Risk factors for recurrent nonsyncopal falls. A prospective study.
- M. Nevitt, S. Cummings, S. Kidd, D. Black
- MedicineJAMA
- 12 May 1989
Risk factors for having a single fall were few and relatively weak, but multiple falls were more predictable, and increased odds of two or more falls for persons who had difficulty standing up from a chair, difficulty performing a tandem walk, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, and a fall with injury during the previous year were found.
Effects of continuing or stopping alendronate after 5 years of treatment: the Fracture Intervention Trial Long-term Extension (FLEX): a randomized trial.
- D. Black, A. Schwartz, S. Cummings
- MedicineJAMA
- 27 December 2006
The results suggest that for many women, discontinuation of alendronate for up to 5 years does not appear to significantly increase fracture risk, however, women at very high risk of clinical vertebral fractures may benefit by continuing beyond 5 years.
The effects of parathyroid hormone and alendronate alone or in combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
- D. Black, S. Greenspan, C. Rosen
- Medicine, BiologyNew England Journal of Medicine
- 25 September 2003
Changes in the volumetric density of trabecular bone, the cortical volume at the hip, and levels of markers of bone turnover suggest that the concurrent use of alendronate may reduce the anabolic effects of parathyroid hormone.
Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fractures
- S. Cummings, W. Browner, T. Vogt
- MedicineThe Lancet
- 9 January 1993
Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation…
- B. Ettinger, D. Black, S. Cummings
- MedicineJAMA
- 18 August 1999
In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, raloxifene increases bone mineral density in the spine and femoral neck and reduces risk of vertebral fracture and was associated with a lower incidence of breast cancer.
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