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Food microbiology: Bacteriocins: developing innate immunity for food
TLDR
Bacteriocins are bacterially produced antimicrobial peptides with narrow or broad host ranges that can be used to confer a rudimentary form of innate immunity to foodstuffs, helping processors extend their control over the food flora long after manufacture.
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The interaction between bacteria and bile.
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Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic
TLDR
An expert panel was convened in October 2013 by the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) to discuss the field of probiotics and the appropriate use and scope of the term probiotic.
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Surviving the Acid Test: Responses of Gram-Positive Bacteria to Low pH
  • P. Cotter, C. Hill
  • Biology
    Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
  • 1 September 2003
TLDR
The most common mechanisms that help Gram-positive bacteria overcome the challenge posed by different acidic environments are described, i.e., the use of proton pumps, the protection or repair of macromolecules, cell membrane changes, production of alkali, induction of pathways by transcriptional regulators, alteration of metabolism, and the role of cell density and cell signaling.
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Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly
TLDR
The data support a relationship between diet, microbiota and health status, and indicate a role for diet-driven microbiota alterations in varying rates of health decline upon ageing.
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Bile Salt Hydrolase Activity in Probiotics
Probiotics are defined as “living microorganisms, which upon ingestion in certain numbers exert health benefits on the host beyond inherent basic nutrition” ([43][1]). Various studies have indicated…
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Bacteriocins — a viable alternative to antibiotics?
TLDR
Although the application of specific bacteriocins might be curtailed by the development of resistance, an understanding of the mechanisms by which such resistance could emerge will enable researchers to develop strategies to minimize this potential problem.
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Composition, variability, and temporal stability of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly
TLDR
It is concluded that the fecal microbiota of the elderly shows temporal stability over limited time in the majority of subjects but is characterized by unusual phylum proportions and extreme variability.
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Lantibiotics: structure, biosynthesis and mode of action.
TLDR
Some of the more recent developments in the biochemistry, genetics and mechanism of action of the lantibiotic peptides are outlined.
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Functional and comparative metagenomic analysis of bile salt hydrolase activity in the human gut microbiome
TLDR
It is shown that BSH activity is a conserved microbial adaptation to the human gut environment with a high level of redundancy in this ecosystem and mediates bile tolerance in vitro and enhances survival in the murine gut in vivo.
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