Causes of eating disorders.
The recent research evidence pertaining to the development of these disorders, including sociocultural factors, family factors, negative affect, low self-esteem, and body dissatisfaction, are reviewed.
Restrained and unrestrained eating.
Nisbett's model of obesity implies that individual differences in relative deprivation within obese and normal weight groups should produce corresponding within-group differences in eating behavior, but consideration was given to the concept of "restraint" as an important behavioral mechanism affecting the expression of physiologically-based hungar.
Effects of the presence of others on food intake: a normative interpretation.
- C. Herman, D. A. Roth, J. Polivy
- PsychologyPsychological bulletin
- 1 November 2003
The authors review the effect of the presence of others on food intake in social facilitation studies and modeling studies, and attempts to reconcile these divergent literatures by reference to a model of inhibitory norms that govern eating.
Anxiety, restraint, and eating behavior.
The results indicated that although some individuals may eat more when anxious, there is little empirical support for the notion that eating serves to reduce anxiety, and the psychosomatic hypothesis of obesity had failed to find confirmation.
Effects of Exposure to Thin Media Images: Evidence of Self-Enhancement among Restrained Eaters
- J. Mills, J. Polivy, C. Herman, M. Tiggemann
- Psychology
- 1 December 2002
The effects of viewing media-portrayed idealized body images on eating, self-esteem, body image, and mood among restrained and unrestrained eaters were examined. Study 1 found that restrained eaters…
The (mis)measurement of restraint: an analysis of conceptual and psychometric issues.
- T. Heatherton, C. Herman, J. Polivy, G. King, S. Mcgree
- PsychologyJournal of Abnormal Psychology
- 1 February 1988
It is argued that alleged conceptual and psychometric deficiencies of the Restraint Scale are in most cases chimerical and that the Rest restraint Scale remains the most useful tool for examining behavioral and other dieter/nondieter differences.
The Effect of Pre-exposure to Food Cues on the Eating Behavior of Restrained and Unrestrained Eaters
- I. Fedoroff, J. Polivy, C. Herman
- Psychology, BiologyAppetite
- 1 February 1997
It is suggested that restrained eaters are more sensitive and reactive to food cues than are unrestrained eaters.
Effects of physical threat and ego threat on eating behavior.
- T. Heatherton, C. Herman, J. Polivy
- PsychologyJournal of Personality and Social Psychology
- 1991
This pattern supports the proposition that physical fear differs from more general dysphoria in its effects on eating, perhaps because of the divergent effects of these two types of distress on eating control mechanisms, which in turn differ in restrained and unrestrained eaters.
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