This work identifies ocean microbial core functionality and reveals that >73% of its abundance is shared with the human gut microbiome despite the physicochemical differences between these two ecosystems.
Analyses of the Chlamydomonas genome advance the understanding of the ancestral eukaryotic cell, reveal previously unknown genes associated with photosynthetic and flagellar functions, and establish links between ciliopathy and the composition and function of flagella.
It is identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of a range of nitrogenous compounds, and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in aquatic environments.
This first combinatorial view of the Arabidopsis epigenome points to simple principles of organization as in metazoans and provides a framework for further studies of chromatinâbased regulatory mechanisms in plants.
Analysis of molecular divergence compared with yeasts and metazoans reveals rapid rates of gene diversification in diatoms, and documents the presence of hundreds of genes from bacteria, likely to provide novel possibilities for metabolite management and for perception of environmental signals.
A detailed synthesis of carbohydrate metabolism in diatoms based on the genome sequences of Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum is presented, which provides novel insights into acquisition of dissolved inorganic carbon and primary metabolic pathways of carbon in two different diats, which is of significance for an improved understanding of global carbon cycles.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesâŚ
1 August 2006
TLDR
The complete genome sequence of an ancient member of this lineage, the unicellular green alga Ostreococcus tauri, is unveiled, making O. tauri an ideal model system for research on eukaryotic genome evolution, including chromosome specialization and green lineage ancestry.
Diversity emerged at all taxonomic levels, both within the groups comprising the ~11,200 cataloged morphospecies of eukaryotic plankton and among twice as many other deep-branching lineages of unappreciated importance in plankton ecology studies.
The Ectocarpus genome sequence represents an important step towards developing this organism as a model species, providing the possibility to combine genomic and genetic approaches to explore these and other aspects of brown algal biology further.
It is speculated that this latter process may be involved in altering the cell-surface characteristics of each species, and selenoenzymes, novel fusion proteins, and loss of some major protein families including ones associated with chromatin are likely important adaptations for achieving a small cell size.