Validity of the Executive Function Theory of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review
- E. Willcutt, A. Doyle, J. Nigg, S. Faraone, B. Pennington
- PsychologyBiological Psychiatry
- 1 June 2005
Executive functions and developmental psychopathology.
- B. Pennington, S. Ozonoff
- PsychologyJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and…
- 1996
It is revealed that EF deficits are consistently found in both ADHD and autism but not in CD (without ADHD) or in TS, and both the severity and profile of EF deficits appears to differ across ADHD and Autism.
From single to multiple deficit models of developmental disorders
- B. Pennington
- PsychologyCognition
- 1 September 2006
Executive function deficits in high-functioning autistic individuals: relationship to theory of mind.
- S. Ozonoff, B. Pennington, S. Rogers
- Psychology, BiologyJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and…
- 1 November 1991
A group of high-functioning autistic individuals was compared to a clinical control group matched on VIQ, age, sex and SES, and the relationship of executive function and theory of mind deficits to each other, and their primacy to autism are discussed.
Validity of DSM-IV attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom dimensions and subtypes.
- E. Willcutt, J. Nigg, B. Lahey
- PsychologyJournal of Abnormal Psychology
- 21 May 2012
The DSM-IV ADHD subtypes provide a convenient clinical shorthand to describe the functional and behavioral correlates of current levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but do not identify discrete subgroups with sufficient long-term stability to justify the classification of distinct forms of the disorder.
A normative‐developmental study of executive function: A window on prefrontal function in children
- M. Welsh, B. Pennington, Dena B. Groisser
- Psychology
- 1991
Normative‐developmental performance on a battery of executive function tasks was investigated. Executive function was defined as goal‐directed behavior, including planning, organized search, and…
Intact and impaired memory functions in autism.
- L. Bennetto, B. Pennington, S. Rogers
- Psychology, BiologyChild Development
- 1 August 1996
The group with autism performed significantly worse than comparison subjects on measures of temporal order memory, source memory, supraspan free recall, working memory, and EF, but not on short- and long-term recognition, cued recall, or new learning ability, consistent with the predictions of the EF theory.
Neuropsychological Analyses of Comorbidity Between Reading Disability and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: In Search of the Common Deficit
- E. Willcutt, B. Pennington, R. Olson, N. Chhabildas, Jacqueline Hulslander
- PsychologyDevelopmental Neuropsychology
- 1 February 2005
The group with comorbid RD and ADHD exhibited the combination of the deficits in the RD-only and ADHD-only groups, providing evidence against the phenocopy and cognitive subtype hypotheses as explanations for the co-occurrence ofRD and ADHD.
Processing Speed Deficits in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Reading Disability
- M. Shanahan, B. Pennington, J. Defries
- PsychologyJournal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- 19 July 2006
The results suggest that a general PS deficit exists in both clinical groups compared to controls, although children with RD demonstrate greater PS deficits than children with ADHD.
A comparison of the cognitive deficits in reading disability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- E. Willcutt, B. Pennington, R. Olson
- PsychologyJournal of Abnormal Psychology
- 1 February 2001
The RD + ADHD group was most impaired on virtually all measures, providing evidence against the phenocopy hypothesis as an explanation for comorbidity between RD and ADHD.
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