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- Publications
- Influence
Literature Review of Florida Red Tide: Implications for Human Health Effects.
- B. Kirkpatrick, L. Fleming, +10 authors D. Baden
- Biology, Medicine
- Harmful algae
- 1 April 2004
Florida red tides are a natural phenomenon caused by dense aggregations of single cell or several species of unicellular organisms. Patches of discolored water, dead or dying fish, and respiratory… Expand
Recreational exposure to microcystins during algal blooms in two California lakes.
- L. Backer, S. McNeel, +14 authors Yung-Sung Cheng
- Biology, Medicine
- Toxicon : official journal of the International…
- 1 May 2010
We conducted a study of recreational exposure to microcystins among 81 children and adults planning recreational activities on either of three California reservoirs, two with significant, ongoing… Expand
Public perceptions of Florida red tide risks.
- Sara E Kuhar, K. Nierenberg, B. Kirkpatrick, Graham A. Tobin
- Geography, Medicine
- Risk analysis : an official publication of the…
- 1 July 2009
This research integrates theoretical frameworks of risk perception, social amplification of risk, and the role of place-specific contexts in order to explore the various perceptions surrounding… Expand
Recreational Exposure to Low Concentrations of Microcystins During an Algal Bloom in a Small Lake
- L. Backer, W. Carmichael, +8 authors Yung-Sung Cheng
- Biology, Medicine
- Marine drugs
- 1 March 2008
We measured microcystins in blood from people at risk for swallowing water or inhaling spray while swimming, water skiing, jet skiing, or boating during an algal bloom. We monitored water samples… Expand
Characterization of Aerosols Containing Microcystin
- Y. Cheng, Y. Zhou, C. Irvin, B. Kirkpatrick, L. Backer
- Chemistry, Medicine
- Marine drugs
- 12 October 2007
Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in both freshwater and brackish water sources throughout the world. One class of cyanobacterial toxins, called microcystins, is cyclic peptides. In… Expand
The human health effects of Florida red tide (FRT) blooms: an expanded analysis.
- P. Hoagland, Di Jin, +5 authors G. Kirkpatrick
- Geography, Medicine
- Environment international
- 1 July 2014
Human respiratory and digestive illnesses can be caused by exposures to brevetoxins from blooms of the marine alga Karenia brevis, also known as Florida red tide (FRT). K. brevis requires… Expand
Brevetoxin composition in water and marine aerosol along a Florida beach: Assessing potential human exposure to marine biotoxins
- R. Pierce, Mike Henry, +10 authors D. Baden
- Chemistry
- 1 November 2005
The toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, produces a suite of polyether neurotoxins (brevetoxins, PbTx) that cause massive fish kills and neurotoxic shellfish poisoning. A unique characteristic of K.… Expand
Occupational Exposure to Aerosolized Brevetoxins during Florida Red Tide Events: Effects on a Healthy Worker Population
- L. Backer, B. Kirkpatrick, +9 authors D. Baden
- Medicine
- Environmental health perspectives
- 10 February 2005
Karenia brevis (formerly Gymnodinium breve) is a marine dinoflagellate responsible for red tides that form in the Gulf of Mexico. K. brevis produces brevetoxins, the potent toxins that cause… Expand
Characterization of Marine Aerosol for Assessment of Human Exposure to Brevetoxins
- Y. Cheng, Y. Zhou, +6 authors D. Baden
- Environmental Science, Medicine
- Environmental health perspectives
- 9 February 2005
Red tides in the Gulf of Mexico are commonly formed by the fish-killing dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, which produces nine potent polyether brevetoxins (PbTxs). Brevetoxins can be transferred from… Expand
The Costs of Respiratory Illnesses Arising from Florida Gulf Coast Karenia brevis Blooms
- P. Hoagland, Di Jin, +7 authors L. Backer
- Geography, Medicine
- Environmental health perspectives
- 1 May 2009
Background Algal blooms of Karenia brevis, a harmful marine algae, occur almost annually off the west coast of Florida. At high concentrations, K. brevis blooms can cause harm through the release of… Expand