The ClyA protein is a pore-forming cytotoxin expressed by Escherichia coli and some other enterobacteria. It confers cytotoxic activity toward mammalian cells, but it has remained unknown how ClyA is… (More)
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 is mainly found on cells of the myelopoietic lineage. It recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mediates cellular activation and production of proinflammatory cytokines.… (More)
BACKGROUND
Exposure of adherent cells to DNA damaging agents, such as the bacterial cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) or ionizing radiations (IR), activates the small GTPase RhoA, which promotes the… (More)
Available, easy and fast fabrication methods of nanostructured surfaces, and the knowledge that cells in vivo interacts with nanometer-sized structures/objects, led us to study the impact of… (More)
Mucosal epithelial linings function as physical barriers against microbes. In addition, they participate in the first line of host defence by production of a variety of proinflammatory mediators when… (More)
Cells and tissues use finely regulated ion fluxes for their intra- and intercellular communication. Technologies providing spatial and temporal control for studies of such fluxes are however,… (More)
Salmonella typhimurium is considered a facultative intracellular pathogen, but its intracellular location in vivo has not been demonstrated conclusively. Here we describe the development of a new… (More)
Cells of the mucosal lining are the first to encounter invading bacteria during infection, and as such, they have developed numerous ways of detecting microbial intruders. Recently, we showed that… (More)
Pyelonephritis is one of the most common febrile diseases in children. If not treated appropriately, it causes irreversible renal damage and accounts for a large proportion of end stage renal… (More)
The toxin alpha-hemolysin expressed by uropathogenic Escherichia coli bacteria was recently shown as the first pathophysiologically relevant protein to induce oscillations of the intracellular Ca(2+)… (More)