A. Macko

Publications21
h-index14
Citations473
Highly Influential Citations9
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Intrauterine growth-restricted sheep fetuses exhibit smaller hindlimb muscle fibers and lower proportions of insulin-sensitive Type I fibers near term.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) reduces muscle mass and insulin sensitivity in offspring. Insulin sensitivity varies among muscle fiber types, with Type I fibers being most sensitive.… Expand
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Developmental Programming in Response to Intrauterine Growth Restriction Impairs Myoblast Function and Skeletal Muscle Metabolism
Fetal adaptations to placental insufficiency alter postnatal metabolic homeostasis in skeletal muscle by reducing glucose oxidation rates, impairing insulin action, and lowering the proportion of… Expand
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Myoblasts from intrauterine growth‐restricted sheep fetuses exhibit intrinsic deficiencies in proliferation that contribute to smaller semitendinosus myofibres
To investigate loss of skeletal muscle mass in intrauterine growth‐restricted (IUGR) fetuses near term, which may result from myoblast dysfunction, we examined semitendinosus myofibre and myoblast… Expand
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Chronic pulsatile hyperglycemia reduces insulin secretion and increases accumulation of reactive oxygen species in fetal sheep islets.
Children from diabetic pregnancies have a greater incidence of type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to determine if exposure to mild-moderate hyperglycemia, by modeling managed diabetic pregnancies,… Expand
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Reductions in insulin concentrations and β-cell mass precede growth restriction in sheep fetuses with placental insufficiency.
In pregnancy complicated by placental insufficiency (PI) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), the fetus near term has reduced basal and glucose-stimulated insulin concentrations and reduced… Expand
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Placental Insufficiency Decreases Pancreatic Vascularity and Disrupts Hepatocyte Growth Factor Signaling in the Pancreatic Islet Endothelial Cell in Fetal Sheep
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) are paracrine hormones that mediate communication between pancreatic islet endothelial cells (ECs) and β-cells. Our… Expand
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Characterization of glucose-insulin responsiveness and impact of fetal number and sex difference on insulin response in the sheep fetus.
GSIS is often measured in the sheep fetus by a square-wave hyperglycemic clamp, but maximal β-cell responsiveness and effects of fetal number and sex difference have not been fully evaluated. We… Expand
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Adrenal Demedullation and Oxygen Supplementation Independently Increase Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Concentrations in Fetal Sheep With Intrauterine Growth Restriction.
In pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal glucose and oxygen concentrations are reduced, whereas plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine… Expand
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Elevated plasma norepinephrine inhibits insulin secretion, but adrenergic blockade reveals enhanced β-cell responsiveness in an ovine model of placental insufficiency at 0.7 of gestation.
In pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency (PI), fetal hypoglycemia and hypoxemia progressively worsen during the third trimester, which increases circulating norepinephrine (NE).… Expand
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Hypoxaemia‐induced catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells inhibits glucose‐stimulated hyperinsulinaemia in fetal sheep
•  Hypoxaemia was previously shown to lower fetal plasma insulin at euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. Lowering insulin redistributes nutrients and spares glucose and oxygen. •  Hypoxaemia also… Expand
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