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GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment
TLDR
Three genetic loci are found to explain variation associated with educational achievement and provide promising candidate SNPs for follow-up work, and effect size estimates can anchor power analyses in social-science genetics.
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A genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence
TLDR
The dissection of the alcoholism phenotype, to disentangle the influence of comorbid substance-use disorders, will be a next step in identifying genetic variants associated with alcohol dependence.
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The co-occurring use and misuse of cannabis and tobacco: a review.
TLDR
There is accumulating evidence that some mechanisms linking cannabis and tobacco use are distinct from those contributing to co-occurring use of drugs in general, and an urgent need for research to identify the underlying mechanisms and harness their potential etiological implications to tailor treatment options for this serious public health challenge.
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Candidate Gene–Environment Interaction Research
TLDR
Recommendations are provided for rigorous research practices for cG×E studies that are believed to advance its potential to contribute more robustly to the understanding of complex behavioral phenotypes.
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Multiple distinct risk loci for nicotine dependence identified by dense coverage of the complete family of nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes
TLDR
This analysis reveals significant evidence for at least four distinct loci in the nicotinic receptor subunit genes that each influence the transition from smoking to nicotine dependence and may inform the development of improved smoking cessation treatments and prevention initiatives.
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Stress-System Genes and Life Stress Predict Cortisol Levels and Amygdala and Hippocampal Volumes in Children
TLDR
The results suggest that stress-related genetic and early environmental factors contribute to variation in stress cortisol reactivity and limbic brain volumes in children, phenotypes associated with depression in adulthood.
View on Nature
Are there genetic influences on addiction: evidence from family, adoption and twin studies.
TLDR
Despite the advances being made by low-cost high-throughput whole genome association assays, it is posit that information garnered from twin studies, especially extended twin designs with power to examine gene-environment interactions, will continue to form the foundation for genomic research.
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Association of the kappa-opioid system with alcohol dependence.
TLDR
Genotyped SNPs throughout OPRK1, encoding the kappa-opioid receptor, and PDYN, which encodes its ligand prodynorphin, in a group of 1860 European American individuals from 219 multiplex alcohol dependent families and demonstrated associations between alcohol dependence and multiple SNPs in the promoter and 3' end of PDYN.
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ADH1B is associated with alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption in populations of European and African ancestry
TLDR
This variant has the strongest effect on risk for alcohol dependence compared with any other tested variant in European populations, and testing the effects of this allele on the development of alcoholism in adolescents and young adults demonstrated a significantly protective effect.
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A Quantitative-Trait Genome-Wide Association Study of Alcoholism Risk in the Community: Findings and Implications
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